UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K/A

(Amendment No. 1)

(Mark One)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number

001-36620

ELEDON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(949) 238-8090

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of June 30, 2023, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates was $25,607,310, based on the last reported sale price of such stock on the Nasdaq Global Market as of such date.

As of March 25, 2024, the registrant had 24,813,130, shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

In this Amendment No. 1 on Form 10-K/A (“Amendment No. 1”), unless the context requires otherwise, “Eledon”, the "Company", "we", "our", and "us" means Eledon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly Novus Therapeutics, Inc.) and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

INDEX

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our board of directors ("Board") currently consists of nine directors and is divided into three classes, with members of each class holding office for staggered three-year terms. As described in the biographical information below, a number of the members of our Board were associated with Anelixis Therapeutics, Inc. (“Anelixis”) prior to the combination of Eledon and Anelixis in September 2020 (the “Anelixis Transaction”).

The following table and biographical descriptions provide information regarding our directors as of the date of this Amendment No. 1.

Selected biographical information for each of our directors, including their principal occupation and employment and period of service as a director of Eledon, as well as information regarding the specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills that led to the conclusion that each director listed below should serve as a member of the Board, are set forth below.

Class I Directors

Steven Perrin, Ph.D. has served as a member of our Board since September 2020, when he joined the Board in connection with the Anelixis Transaction. Dr. Perrin currently serves as our President and Chief Scientific Officer, a position he has held since September 2020. From January 2013 until joining Eledon, Dr. Perrin served as Chief Executive Officer of Anelixis. Dr. Perrin has been Executive Chairman of the ALS Therapy Development Institute since June 2010. Dr. Perrin also served as Chief Scientific Officer for the ALS Therapy Development Institute from January 2007 to August 2018. From November 2001 to December 2006, he served as Associate Director of Molecular Profiling for Biogen Idec. Dr. Perrin received his Bachelor of Science in Biology from Boston College in 1987 and his PhD in Biochemistry from Boston University School of Medicine in 1994. We believe Dr. Perrin is qualified to serve on our Board due to his strong scientific background, his extensive knowledge of the Company and experience in our industry.

June Lee, M.D. has served as a member of our Board since December 2020 and currently serves on our compensation committee, nomination and corporate governance committee and Chair of our science and technology committee. Dr. Lee currently is a venture partner at 5AM Ventures. From February 2021 to November 2021, Dr. Lee was founder and Chief Executive Officer at Esker Therapeutics, Inc. From January 2017 until June 2020, Dr. Lee was Chief Development Officer and Chief Operating Officer of MyoKardia, Inc., a clinical stage biotechnology company with a focus on precision cardiovascular medicines. At MyoKardia she built and led a world class development organization culminating in the company’s $13.1 billion acquisition by Bristol Myers Squibb in November 2020. Prior to MyoKardia from April 2011 to January 2017, Dr. Lee was Professor of Medicine at UCSF School of Medicine, where she served as Director of Translational Research and built the Catalyst Program, an internal accelerator at UCSF for early-stage technologies in therapeutics, devices, diagnostics, and digital health. She is also the founding chair of the University of California Drug, Device, Discovery and Development Group. Previously, from March 2004 to April 2011, she was therapeutic area head in early clinical development in cardiovascular,

metabolism, respiratory, and infectious diseases at Genentech. Dr. Lee served on the board of CinCor Pharma, Inc., until it was acquired by Astra Zeneca in March 2023. Dr. Lee currently serves on the board of Tenya Therapeutics, Inc., Abivax, GenEdit and serves as the Chair of the board of Renasant Bio. Dr. Lee completed a Bachelor of Science in chemistry at the Johns Hopkins University, an M.D. at the School of Medicine at University of California, Davis, and her clinical training in internal medicine and pulmonary & critical care at UCLA and UCSF. We believe Dr. Lee is qualified to serve on our Board because of her extensive scientific background and leadership experience in the industry.

Walter Ogier has served as a member of our Board since September 2020, when he joined the Board in connection with the Anelixis Transaction. Mr. Ogier currently serves on our audit committee and compensation committee. Mr. Ogier served as the Chairman of Anelixis from September 2017 until September 2020. Mr. Ogier has more than 30 years of experience developing therapeutic medical products ranging from pharmaceuticals to medical devices, stem and immune cell therapies, and gene therapies. From December 2016 to June 2017, Mr. Ogier served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Regenacy Pharmaceuticals, LLC and from December 2016 through March 2020, he was a member of Regenacy Pharmaceuticals’ board of directors. Mr. Ogier has served on the board of directors of Biothera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2014 through September 2020, on the board of managers of Thetis Pharmaceuticals LLC since January 2016, on the board of directors of Nemucore Medical Innovations, Inc. from January 2018 through April 2022, and on the board of directors of IRX Therapeutics Inc. from July 2018 until its acquisition by Brooklyn Immunotherapeutics LLC in November 2018. From 2001 to 2005, Mr. Ogier served as President, Chief Executive Officer and Director of Genetix Pharmaceuticals (now bluebird bio, Inc., Nasdaq: BLUE). From 2008 until its acquisition by Calgene Corporation in 2016, Mr. Ogier served as President, Chief Executive Officer and Director of Acetylon Pharmaceuticals. Finally, Mr. Ogier served as President, Chief Executive Officer and Director for Arbios Systems, Inc. (OTC: ABOS) from 2005 to 2007. Mr. Ogier received his Bachelor of Arts in Chemistry from Williams College in 1979 and an MBA from Yale School of Management in 1987. We believe Mr. Ogier is qualified to serve on our Board due to his many years of experience managing companies in the biopharmaceutical industry and his extensive knowledge of the Company.

Class II Directors

Keith A. Katkin has been a member and the Chair of our Board since May 2017 and currently serves as the Chair of our nominating and corporate governance committee. Mr. Katkin joined Eledon when it acquired Otic Pharma, Ltd in May 2017. Mr. Katkin served as the Principal Executive Officer and as a member of the board of directors of Urovant Sciences Ltd, a public biopharmaceutical company from September 2017 until March 2020. Mr. Katkin served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company, from 2007 to 2016. Mr. Katkin led the growth and ultimate sale of Avanir to Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. for $3.5 billion. Mr. Katkin joined Avanir in 2005 as Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing and a member of Avanir’s executive management team. Prior to joining Avanir, Mr. Katkin served as Vice President, Commercial Development for Peninsula Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a privately held biopharmaceutical company, playing a key role in the concurrent initial public offering and ultimate sale of the company to Johnson and Johnson. Additionally, Mr. Katkin’s employment experience includes leadership roles at InterMune, Inc., Amgen, Inc. and Abbott Laboratories. Mr. Katkin currently serves on the Board of Directors of Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Emergent BioSolutions, Inc. Mr. Katkin previously served on the Board of Directors of Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc., within the past five years. Mr. Katkin has an M.B.A. from the Anderson School of Business at UCLA and earned a B.S. in Business and Accounting from Indiana University. Mr. Katkin is also a certified public accountant. We believe Mr. Katkin is qualified to serve on our Board due to his experience at multiple public pharmaceutical companies and his extensive knowledge of the Company and experience in our industry.

Allan D. Kirk, M.D., Ph.D., FACS has been a member of our Board since October 2023 and currently serves on our science and technology committee. Dr. Kirk has served at Duke University since May 2014 as Chairman of the Department of Surgery and Surgeon-in-Chief at Duke University School of Medicine. Dr. Kirk is a principal investigator for multiple clinical trials, including the first-in-human experience with novel immunosuppressive agents. Dr. Kirk pioneered the use of co-stimulation pathway blockade to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients with his research focused on understanding transplant rejection and advancing improved therapies for transplant recipients. He has co-authored hundreds of peer-reviewed journal publications. Dr. Kirk is a member of the Duke Cancer Institute and is a core faculty member of the Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship program. He also previously served as Editor-in-Chief for the American Journal of Transplantation and served as the inaugural Chief of the Transplantation Branch for the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Dr. Kirk earned an M.D. from Duke University School of Medicine, a Ph.D. from Duke University and a Bachelor of Science from Old Dominion University. We believe Dr. Kirk is qualified to serve on our Board due to his extensive scientific background and experience in our industry.

John S. McBride has been a member of our Board since May 2017 and currently serves on our nominating and corporate governance committee and serves as the Chair of our audit committee. Mr. McBride currently serves as President of Alliance Life Science Advisors, Inc., a consulting firm focused on assisting life science companies with strategic planning, business development and financing projects. Mr. McBride has been active with the firm during various periods over the last thirteen years. From August 2019 until March 2021, Mr. McBride was Chief Financial Officer of Cadent Therapeutics, Inc. Mr. McBride served as Tokai Pharmaceuticals’ Chief Operating Officer from February 2014 to May 2017 and as Tokai’s Chief Financial Officer from September 2016 to May 2017. Mr. McBride previously served as Tokai’s interim Chief Financial Officer from April 2014 until September 2014. Prior to joining Tokai, Mr. McBride founded and served as President of Alliance Life Science Advisors, Inc., where he was active from March 2012 until February 2014 and became active again beginning in June 2017 until August 2019. Prior to founding Alliance Life Science Advisors, Inc., Mr. McBride was an independent consultant from January 2009 until March 2012. In addition, Mr. McBride previously served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Gloucester Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Global Head of Oncology Licensing at Pharmacia Corporation, Executive Vice President, Business Operations and Chief Financial Officer at CytoTherapeutics, Inc., Vice President, Business Development and Treasurer at Phytera, Inc., Vice President, Commercial Development at Sparta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Vice President, Business Development at U.S. Bioscience, Inc. Mr. McBride holds a B.S. in Biochemistry and an M.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin and an M.B.A from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. We believe Mr. McBride is qualified to serve on our Board due to his extensive knowledge of the Company and our industry.

Class III Directors

David-Alexandre C. Gros, M.D. has been a member of our Board and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer since September 2020. Dr. Gros served as an advisor to Eledon since May 2020. He joined Eledon from Imbria Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical-stage biotechnology company, where from May 2018, he was Co-Founder, Chief Executive Officer and served on its board of directors, including as Chairman. Prior to Imbria, Dr. Gros was President and Chief Operating Officer of Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc., Chief Business and Principal Financial Officer of Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Chief Strategy Officer of Sanofi, S.A. Before joining Sanofi, Dr. Gros held leadership positions in healthcare investment banking at Centerview Partners, LLC, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc., and in healthcare consulting at McKinsey & Company. He previously served on the Board of Directors of Eliem Therapeutics, Inc., a biotechnology company which he co-founded, and of Saint Jean Groupe, S.A., a French manufacturer of pasta products. Dr. Gros earned his Doctor of Medicine from The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, a Master of Business Administration from Harvard Business School, and a Bachelor of Arts from Dartmouth College. We believe Dr. Gros is qualified to serve on our Board due to his strong scientific background, his extensive knowledge of the Company and experience in our industry.

Jan Hillson, M.D. has served as a member of our Board since July 2021 and currently serves on our science and technology committee. Dr. Hillson has served as interim Chief Medical Officer of GlycoEra AG, a private company focused on precision degradation of extracellular proteins and is a partner at Cascadia Drug Development Group since February 2024. Dr. Hillson previously served as Senior Vice President of Clinical Development at Provention Bio, a clinical stage public company focused on debilitating and life-threatening immune-mediated disease from November 2021 to February 2024. From June 2019 to November 2021, Dr. Hillson served as Senior Vice President of Clinical Development at Alpine Immune Sciences. From December 2016 to June 2019, Dr. Hillson was Senior Vice President of Drug Development for ChemoCentryx, and, before that, served as Vice President of Clinical and Translational Research at Momenta Pharmaceuticals. Earlier in her career, she served in senior roles at ZymoGenetics/Bristol Myers Squibb and Xcyte Therapies. Dr, Hillson also served as a member of the Clinical Faculty at Harvard Medical School (Cambridge Health Alliance), Assistant Professor at the University of Washington, and Division Head at Virginia Mason Medical Center. Dr. Hillson is a licensed rheumatologist and continues to care for patients. She received her MD from Stanford School of Medicine, an MS from the California Institute of Technology, an MS in Marine Chemistry from Scripps Institute of Oceanography, and a BS from Michigan State University. We believe Dr. Hillson is qualified to serve on our Board due to her strong scientific background and experience in our industry.

James Robinson, has served as a member of the Board of Directors of Eledon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. since October 2023 and currently serves as the Chair of our compensation committee. Mr. Robinson has served as Chief Executive Officer and Director of A2 Biotherapeutics, Inc., a clinical stage private company focused on cell therapy for multi types of cancer since April 2024. Mr. Robinson previously served as Chief Executive Officer and Director of Urovant Sciences from March 2020 to July 2023, guiding the company through its first product launch, and subsequent acquisition by Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. From April 2019 to March 2020, Mr. Robinson was President and Chief Operating Officer of Paragon Biosciences. From March 2018 to April 2019, Mr. Robinson served as President and COO of Alkermes. Prior to Alkermes, Mr. Robinson spent over 12 years at Astellas Pharma, one of the leaders in the field of solid organ transplant, where he served as President of the Americas and was responsible for approximately $4 billion in revenue generation. Mr. Robinson also serves on the Board of Directors of UroGen Pharma (Nasdaq: URGN) and Petauri Health. He previously served on the Board of Directors for Neos Therapeutics, Applied Genetic Technologies Corp. and Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA),

where he served as Chairman of PhRMA’s State Committee. He earned a Bachelor of Science in marketing from DePaul University. We believe Mr. Robinson is qualified to serve on our Board due to his experience at multiple public pharmaceutical companies and his extensive knowledge of the Company and experience in our industry.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Each of our executive officers serves at the discretion of the Board. The determination as to which of our employees qualify as executive officers was made by the Board in accordance with the rules of the SEC. Biographical information for our executive officers as of the date of this Amendment No. 1 is set forth below. The following table identifies our current executive officers, their age, and their respective offices and positions as of the date of this Amendment No. 1.

Biographical information for David-Alexandre C. Gros and Steven Perrin is set forth above.

Paul Little has served as our Chief Financial Officer since March 2021. He has over 30 years of financial, operations, business strategy and leadership experience in global public companies. Before joining Eledon in March 2021, Mr. Little served as Chief Financial Officer of Sientra Inc., a medical aesthetics company that develops and sells medical aesthetics products to plastic surgeons, where he led finance, investor relations, information technology, and manufacturing from August 2018 to March 2021. During his tenure at Sientra, Mr. Little successfully led multiple public financing rounds while strengthening the balance sheet and driving organizational and operational efficiencies to accelerate revenue growth while improving cash flow. Prior to Sientra, Mr. Little served as Chief Operating Officer for Candela Medical (formerly Syneron-Candela) from October 2016 to September 2017, where he led the Company’s global supply chain and service organization and helped lead the execution of the growth strategy culminating in the sale of the company. Before Candela Medical, Mr. Little served as Vice President, Finance and Commercial Operations for Allergan PLC’s Medical Aesthetics division and as a key member of the senior leadership team, helping build Allergan into the global market leader for medical aesthetics. In this role, Mr. Little built the commercial finance, commercial operations and customer operations functions from the ground up and led the financial assessment and integration of over $3 billion in M&A activities. He joined Allergan from ConAgra Brands, and began his career in public accounting at KPMG. Mr. Little holds a B.A. in Business Economics from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Bryan Smith has served as our General Counsel, Corporate Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer since April 2021. Prior to joining Eledon, Mr. Smith was General Counsel, Corporate Secretary, and Chief Compliance Officer of Urovant Sciences, a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing therapies for urological conditions, from April 2018 to April 2021. During his time at Urovant, Mr. Smith led the company through its initial public offering and its eventual sale for $681 million to Sumitovant (a wholly owned subsidiary of Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma). From August 2011 to April 2018, Mr. Smith held leadership roles at Allergan, serving as Associate Vice President and Senior Counsel and chief counsel to the company’s urology, neurology, aesthetics, and dermatology business units. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Smith was a litigator at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP. Mr. Smith received his B.A. in Political Science from Brigham Young University and his J.D. from the University of Southern California Law School. After graduating from law school, Mr. Smith was a law clerk to the Honorable Cormac J. Carney in the United States District Court for the Central District of California.

CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS

We have adopted a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of the code is available on the Corporate Governance section of our website, which is located at http://ir.eledon.com/corporate-governance/governance-overview. We intend to disclose on our website any amendments to, or waivers from, the code of business conduct and ethics that are required to be disclosed pursuant to the disclosure requirements of Item 5.05 of Form 8-K within four business days following the date of the amendment or waiver.

AUDIT COMMITTEE

We have a standing Audit Committee of the Board. Our Board has determined that each member of the Audit Committee—Messrs. McBride, Ogier and Robinson—is independent under the applicable rules of Nasdaq and each qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of applicable SEC rules.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Our named executive officers for the year ended December 31, 2023, consisting of our principal executive officer ("PEO") and the next two most highly compensated officers were:

This section discusses the material elements of our executive compensation policies for our “named executive officers” and the most important factors relevant to an analysis of these policies. In addition, this section provides qualitative information regarding the manner and context in which compensation is awarded to and earned by our named executive officers and is intended to place in perspective the data presented in the following tables and the corresponding narrative.

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information regarding compensation earned by our named executive officers during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Narrative to the Summary Compensation Table

The elements of the compensation program for our named executive officers include: annual base salary; an annual cash (non-equity) incentive; long-term equity awards; certain health, welfare and 401(k) plan benefits. Our named executive officers also have severance benefits in their respective employment agreements (see “Agreements with Named Executive Officers” below).

The compensation of our named executive officers is generally determined and approved at the beginning of each year or, if later, in connection with the commencement of employment of the executive, by our Board or the Compensation Committee.

In setting base salaries and bonus opportunities and granting equity incentive awards, our compensation committee considers compensation for comparable positions in the market, the historical compensation levels of our executives, individual and corporate performance as compared to our expectations and objectives, our desire to motivate our employees to achieve short- and long-term results that are in the best interests of our stockholders, and a long-term commitment to our company. As part of this process, Dr. Gros, as our Chief Executive Officer, prepares performance evaluations for the other executive officers and recommends annual salary increases, annual stock option awards and cash bonuses to the compensation committee. The Compensation Committee conducts a performance evaluation of Dr. Gros. Prior to approving compensation for our executive officers, the compensation committee consults with the full Board.

Base Salary

The 2023 annual base salaries for our named executive officers are set forth in the table below:

Non-Equity Incentive Compensation

Our Board adopted a formal executive bonus plan (“Performance Bonus Plan”) in February 2021. The purpose of the Performance Bonus Plan is to create a direct relationship between key business performance measurements and individual bonus amounts. The Performance Bonus Plan provides for bonus payments to each executive officer conditioned upon the achievement of certain performance goals established by the Compensation Committee, which may differ for each executive officer. Our Compensation Committee establishes such performance goals based on one or more established performance criteria relating to operational or financial performance.

Each executive officer is assigned a target bonus expressed as a percentage of their base salary.

The Compensation Committee may consider each named executive officer’s individual contributions towards reaching our annual corporate goals. There is no minimum bonus percentage or amount established for the named executive officers and, thus, the bonus amounts vary from year to year based on corporate and individual performance, in each case pursuant to the terms of our Performance Bonus Plan and each executive officer’s employment agreement and offer letter.

The Board approved research and development, CMC manufacturing and financial corporate goals for 2023, with research and development and CMC manufacturing goals assigned 75% of the weighting and financial performance goals at 25% of the weighting. “Stretch” goals were also approved which provided a total potential bonus achievement of 150% of target for each executive.

In February 2024, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board, and the Board subsequently determined, that the 2023 corporate goals had been achieved at an aggregate level of 85%, with the final bonus payment adjusted for attainment of individual performance goals. As a result, in February 2024, the Compensation Committee recommended and the Board approved, the following bonuses to our named executive officers for performance in 2023:

Equity Compensation

We believe that our ability to grant equity-based awards is a valuable and necessary compensation tool that aligns the long-term financial interests of our employees, consultants and directors with the financial interests of our stockholders. In

addition, we believe that our ability to grant options and other equity-based awards helps us to attract, retain and motivate employees, consultants, and directors, and encourages them to devote their best efforts to our business and financial success.

Our named executive officers and other employees will generally be provided annual equity awards.

In May 2023, we issued stock option awards to our named executive officers and other employees with both time-based and performance-based vesting requirements totaling 7,381,857 stock options, with 1,476,372 of the granted stock options subject to our customary time-based vesting schedule. The remaining 5,905,485 stock options granted are subject to both customary time-based vesting requirements and performance-based vesting requirements that are based on the same clinical development milestones applicable to the second ("Second Closing") and third closings ("Third Closing") of the Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Securities Purchase Agreement") entered into on April 28, 2023 with certain institutional and accredited investors (the "Purchasers") in connection with a private offering of securities (the “Private Placement”). In an initial closing (the “Initial Closing”) of the Securities Purchase Agreement on May 5, 2023, we issued an aggregate of 15,151,518 shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) and common stock warrants (the “Common Warrants”) exercisable for a five-year term, at an exercise price of $3.00 per share, into an aggregate of 15,151,518 share of common stock (or Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu thereof). Pursuant to the Second Closing, upon the satisfaction (or waiver) of specified clinical development milestones and volume weighted average share price levels and trading volume conditions set forth in the Securities Purchase Agreement, we are required to issue an aggregate of 20,202,024 shares of common stock (or Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu thereof) to the Purchasers, subject to customary adjustments. Pursuant to the Third Closing, upon the satisfaction (or waiver) of specified clinical development milestones and volume weighted average share price levels and trading volume conditions set forth in the Securities Purchase Agreement, we are required to issue an aggregate of 25,252,530 shares of common stock (or Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu thereof) to the Purchasers, subject to customary adjustments.

In December 2023, we amended the performance-based vesting requirements with our named executive officers and other employees that upon the Second Closing and Third Closing, a full or prorated amount of each closing installment shall vest based on the percentage of funding received relative to the total funding opportunity represented by the Purchasers' Second Closing and Third Closing subscription amounts. The December amendments had the practical effect of making the vesting conditions more difficult to achieve. No specified clinical development milestones were achieved during the year ended December 31, 2023.

Other Compensation

Our named executive officers are eligible to participate, on the same basis as our other employees, in our employee benefit plans, including our medical, dental, vision, life and disability plans, and our 401(k) plan. We generally do not provide our named executive officers with perquisites or other personal benefits.

401(k) Plan

We maintain a 401(k) plan for our employees. Our named executive officers are eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan on the same basis as our other employees. The 401(k) plan is intended to qualify as a tax-qualified plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

The 401(k) plan provides that each participant may contribute up to the lesser of 100% of his or her compensation or the statutory limit, which was $22,500 for calendar year 2023. Participants that are 50 years or older can also make “catch-up” contributions, which in calendar year 2023 was up to an additional $7,500 above the statutory limit. We make matching contributions into the 401(k) plan on behalf of participants, matching 100% of participant contributions up to 6% of eligible compensation. Matching contributions vest immediately.

Agreements with Named Executive Officers

Employment Agreements

Each of our executive officers has an employment agreement that provides severance benefits in the event of certain qualifying terminations of employment, subject to the executive’s execution of a waiver and release of claims in favor of the Company and the existence of a proprietary information and inventions agreement between the executive and the Company.

Employment Agreement with Dr. Gros

We entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Gros on September 9, 2020, or the Gros employment agreement, under which Dr. Gros serves as our Chief Executive Officer. The Gros employment agreement provides that Dr. Gros is an at-will employee, sets forth his initial base salary of $500,000, and his eligibility to participate in employee benefit plans and programs generally available to other senior executives, as in effect from time to time. Under the Gros employment agreement, Dr. Gros is entitled to participate in our annual incentive plan described above, under which Dr. Gros’s target annual incentive bonus is 60% of his annual base salary, subject to achievement of key performance indicators as determined by our Board in consultation with Dr. Gros.

Subject to the satisfaction of certain performance-related goals set forth in his employment agreement, Dr. Gros will be eligible to receive a performance bonus in the amount of $10,000,000, payable at the election of the Company in cash, common stock or in a combination of cash and common stock. As described in more detail below, Dr. Gros is also eligible to receive a grant of additional shares of common stock (which may be satisfied with a payment in cash in lieu of stock) that in the aggregate shall be equal to one percent of the total number of shares of common stock on a fully-diluted basis, subject to terms and conditions set forth in his employment agreement, as amended and described below.

Pursuant to the terms of the Gros employment agreement, if Dr. Gros’s employment is terminated for cause (as defined in his employment agreement) or by Dr. Gros without good reason (as defined in his employment agreement), Dr. Gros will receive (i) his base salary accrued through the date of termination, (ii) unpaid expense reimbursements, and (iii) any vested benefits under the employee benefit plans of the Company (the “vested compensation”). Pursuant to the terms of the Gros employment agreement, if Dr. Gros’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause (as defined in his employment agreement) or by Dr. Gros for good reason (as defined in his employment agreement), Dr. Gros will receive the vested compensation, and, subject to Dr. Gros’s execution of a release in favor of the Company, Dr. Gros will be entitled to receive: (i) an amount equal to twelve months of base salary, (ii) a pro rata portion of Dr. Gros’s annual target bonus for the year in which termination of service occurs, (iii) credit for an additional twelve months of vesting under all outstanding equity awards that are subject to time-based vesting criteria, and (iv) up to 12 months of health insurance reimbursement under COBRA. In the event that Dr. Gros’ employment is terminated without cause or for good reason within 90 days before or twelve months after a change in control of the Company (as defined in his employment agreement), in lieu of the severance payments and benefits described in the preceding sentences and subject to Dr. Gros’ execution of a release in favor of the Company, Dr. Gros will be entitled to receive, in addition to the vested rights: (i) an amount equal to 1.5 times his annual base salary and annual target bonus, (ii) full acceleration of vesting of all equity awards subject to time-based vesting criteria, and (iii) up to 18 months of health insurance reimbursement under COBRA.

On April 27, 2023, we entered into a letter agreement with Dr. Gros that amends his current employment agreement. Pursuant to the letter agreement, Dr. Gros remains entitled to a $10,000,000 performance bonus; however, the letter agreement entitles Dr. Gros to a pro-rata portion of his performance bonus in the event that his employment is terminated for any reason other than by the Company for cause and our market value at the time of termination of employment is equal to or greater than $600 million, but less than $1 billion. The threshold performance bonus payment is $6,000,000 at a $600 million market value and increases up to the maximum $10,000,000 bonus payable at a $1 billion market value using linear interpolation. The amendment also provides that market value is calculated by taking into account the total value of all securities treated as equity securities in the Company’s financial statements (“Market Value”).

In addition, the amendment provides for a retention bonus upon the earlier to occur of (i) a termination of his employment other than for cause, (ii) a change in control of the Company during the term of his employment, and (iii) July 31, 2026 (the earliest date to be the “Retention Bonus Date”). The retention bonus will be paid in cash or stock in an amount equal to the product of 761,589 multiplied by the difference between the fair market value of our common stock on the

Retention Bonus Date over the fair market value of our common stock at the time of the Initial Closing of the Private Placement. The common stock price used to calculate the retention bonus, however, will be limited to a maximum of $9.00.

The amendment also provides for vesting acceleration of Dr. Gros’ outstanding equity awards. If Dr. Gros’ employment is terminated by the Company without cause or by him for good reason, subject to his execution of the release contemplated by his employment agreement, any then-unvested and outstanding performance-based equity awards will now (1) remain outstanding and eligible to vest if the applicable performance conditions are satisfied during the 12 months following such termination of employment, and (2) the term of such performance-based options will be extended until the earlier of (A) 90 days after the performance conditions are achieved and (B) the normal expiration date of such performance-based options. If Dr. Gros’ employment is terminated without cause or for good reason in connection with a change in control of the Company, subject to his execution of the release contemplated by his employment agreement, any then-unvested and outstanding performance-based equity awards will become fully vested at the target performance level.

Finally, the letter agreement modifies Dr. Gros’ rights to receive a grant of additional shares equal to one percent of the total number of shares of common stock on a fully-diluted basis. Dr. Gros will be eligible to receive a proportionate grant of common stock that will be equal to one percent of the fully diluted shares of common stock, upon the first occurrence of (i) the exercise of a majority of the Tranche C Warrants or Pre-Funded Warrants held by the largest holder of such warrants on the initial closing of the Private Placement and (ii) the first date that is six months after the date on which topline data for the Company’s kidney transplantation phase 2 trial (K207) is available to the Company and where the Company’s Market Value is equal to or greater than $900 million for a period of 20 consecutive calendar days. Dr. Gros will be entitled to such new incentive shares if either of the above conditions are satisfied at any time during the term of his employment agreement or within 12 months following a termination of his employment without cause or for good reason.

Employment Agreement with Dr. Perrin

We entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Perrin on September 14, 2020, or the Perrin employment agreement, under which Dr. Perrin serves as our President and Chief Scientific Officer. The Perrin employment agreement provides that Dr. Perrin is an at-will employee, sets forth his initial base salary of $400,000, and his eligibility to participate in employee benefit plans and programs generally available to other senior executives, as in effect from time to time. Dr. Perrin is entitled to participate in our annual incentive plan described above, under which Dr. Perrin’s target annual incentive bonus is 50% of his annual base salary, subject to achievement of key performance indicators as determined by our Board in consultation with Dr. Perrin.

Pursuant to the terms of the Perrin employment agreement, if Dr. Perrin’s employment is terminated for cause (as defined in his employment agreement) or by Dr. Perrin without good reason (as defined in his employment agreement), Dr. Perrin will receive (i) his base salary accrued through the date of termination, (ii) unpaid expense reimbursements, and (iii) any vested benefits under the employee benefit plans of the Company (the “vested compensation”). Pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement, if Dr. Perrin’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause (as defined in his employment agreement) or by Dr. Perrin for good reason (as defined in his employment agreement), Dr. Perrin will receive the vested compensation. Additionally, subject to Dr. Perrin’s execution of a release in favor of the Company, Dr. Perrin will be entitled to receive either: (i) an amount equal to 1.5 times his base salary payable over eighteen months if Dr. Perrin’s employment is terminated before the first anniversary of the effective date of the employment agreement, or (ii) an amount equal to 1.0 times his base salary payable over twelve months if Dr. Perrin’s employment is terminated after the first anniversary of the effective date of the employment agreement. Dr. Perrin will also be entitled to receive (i) acceleration of vesting of the equity awards initially granted to him under his employment agreement, and (ii) up to 12 months of health insurance reimbursement under COBRA. In the event that Dr. Perrin’s employment is terminated without cause, or Dr. Perrin terminates his employment for good reason, in either case within 30 days before or twelve months after a change in control, in lieu of the severance payments and benefits described in the preceding sentences and subject to Dr. Perrin’s execution of a release in favor of the Company, Dr. Perrin will be entitled to receive the vested compensation, as well as: (i) an amount equal to 1.0 times his base salary and annual target bonus for the year in which termination occurs, (ii) full acceleration of all equity awards subject to time-based vesting, and (iii) up to 18 months of health insurance reimbursement under COBRA.

On April 27, 2023, we entered into a letter agreement with Dr. Perrin amending his employment agreement. Dr. Perrin’s employment agreement amendment provides for a retention bonus upon the earlier to occur of (i) a termination of his employment other than for cause, (ii) a change in control of the Company during the term of his employment, and (iii) July 31, 2026 (the earliest date to be the “Retention Bonus Date”). The retention bonus will be paid in cash or stock in an amount equal to the product of 327,350 multiplied by the difference between the fair market value of our common stock on the Retention Bonus Date over the fair market value of our common stock at the time of the Initial Closing of the Private Placement. The common stock price used to calculate the retention bonus, however, will be limited to a maximum of $9.00.

Employment Agreement with Mr. Little

We entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Little on March 15, 2021, or the Little employment agreement, under which Mr. Little serves as our Chief Financial Officer. The Little employment agreement provides that Mr. Little is an at-will employee, sets forth his initial base salary of $410,000, and his eligibility to participate in employee benefit plans and programs generally available to other senior executives, as in effect from time to time. Mr. Little is entitled to participate in our annual incentive plan described above, under which Mr. Little’s target annual incentive bonus is 40% of his annual base salary, subject to achievement of key performance indicators as determined by our Board in consultation with Mr. Little.

Pursuant to the terms of the Little employment agreement, if Mr. Little’s employment is terminated for cause (as defined in his employment agreement) or by Mr. Little without good reason (as defined in his employment agreement), Mr. Little will receive (i) his base salary accrued through the date of termination, (ii) unpaid expense reimbursements, and (iii) any vested benefits under the employee benefit plans of the Company (the “vested compensation”). Pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement, if Mr. Little’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause (as defined in his employment agreement) or by Mr. Little for good reason (as defined in his employment agreement), Mr. Little will receive the vested compensation. Additionally, subject to Mr. Little’s execution of a release in favor of the Company, Mr. Little will be entitled to receive (i) an amount equal to 9 months of his base salary, payable over 9 months, (ii) accelerated vesting of the portion of all outstanding equity awards subject to time-based vesting that would have vested and become exercisable during the 9-month period following Mr. Little’s termination of employment, and (iii) up to 9 months of health insurance reimbursement under COBRA. In the event Mr. Little’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause (other than by reason of death or disability) or if Mr. Little resigns for good reason, in either event in connection with a change in control, Mr. Little shall be entitled to receive in lieu of the benefits described in the preceding sentences, and subject to Mr. Little’s execution of a release in favor of the Company, the vested compensation, as well as: (i) an amount equal to 1.0 times his base salary and annual target bonus for the year in which termination occurs, (ii) full acceleration of all equity awards subject to time-based vesting, (iii) payment equal to the greater of either Mr. Little’s annual target incentive bonus for the year in which the termination occurs or the annual target incentive bonus paid to Mr. Little with respect to the calendar year immediately preceding the calendar year during which the termination occurs, payable in a single lump sum, and (iv) up to 12 months of health insurance reimbursement under COBRA.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End 2023

The following table sets forth information regarding outstanding equity awards held by our named executive officers during the year ended of December 31, 2023.

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

2023 Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy

Our Board has approved a compensation policy for our non-employee directors that is designed to provide a total compensation package that enables us to attract and retain qualified and experienced individuals to serve as directors and to align our directors’ interests with those of our stockholders.

Under our non-employee director compensation policy, we pay each of our non-employee directors a cash retainer for service on the Board and for service on each committee on which the director is a member. The Board Chair and chair of each committee receives an additional retainer for such service. These retainers are payable in arrears in four equal quarterly installments on the last day of each quarter, provided that the amount of such payment will be prorated for any portion of such quarter that the director is not serving on our Board.

Cash Compensation

Based on a review of compensation practices, the Board has approved the following compensation for non-employee directors:

Equity Compensation

Our non-employee director compensation plan provides for (i) an initial equity grant of 150,437 stock options, which vest ratably over two years, subject to the director’s continued service on our Board, and (ii) annual equity grants of 20,000 stock options, which vest after one year, subject to the director’s continued service as a director.

In 2023, annual equity grants of 20,000 stock options were issued to each non-employee director of our Board.

In May 2023, we issued additional stock option awards to our then serving non-employee directors in connection with our entry into the Securities Purchase Agreement described above. These additional stock option grants have a two-year vesting schedule (as opposed to our normal annual grant vesting schedule of one-year), and were issued as additional compensation in light of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement.

Expense Reimbursement

Directors have been and will continue to be reimbursed for expenses directly related to their activities as directors, including attendance at Board and committee meetings.

Fiscal Year 2023 Director Compensation Table

The compensation provided to our non-employee directors in 2023 is enumerated in the table below. The table excludes David-Alexandre C. Gros, M.D., our Chief Executive Officer, and Steve Perrin, Ph.D, our President and Chief Scientific Officer, both of whom served as executive officers in 2023. Neither Dr. Gros nor Dr. Perrin received any compensation for serving as a director in 2023.

The following table sets forth information regarding compensation earned by our non-employee directors during for the year-ended December 31, 2023:

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

SECURITIES AUTHORIZED FOR ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS

The following table contains information about our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, we had four equity compensation plans, each of which was approved by our stockholders: our 2007 Stock Incentive Plan or 2007 Plan, our 2014 Stock Incentive Plan, or 2014 Plan, our 2020 Incentive Plan or 2020 Plan, and our 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or 2014 ESPP. The Company intends for the 2020 Plan to be its primary stock compensation plan in the future. The 2014 Plan was closed to new grants following the approval of the 2020 Plan, and therefore, there were no shares reserved for issuance under the 2007 and 2014 Plan as of December 31, 2023.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

Unless otherwise provided below, the following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of March 31, 2024 by:

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to our common stock. Shares of our common stock subject to options, restricted stock unit awards or warrants that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after March 31, 2024 are considered outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding the options, restricted stock units or warrants for the purpose of calculating the percentage ownership of that person, but not for the purpose of calculating the percentage ownership of any other person. Except as otherwise noted, to our knowledge, the persons and entities in this table have sole

voting and investing power with respect to all of the shares of our common stock beneficially owned by them, subject to applicable community property laws. The inclusion herein of any shares as beneficially owned does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership.

The column entitled “Percentage of Shares Beneficially Owned” is based on a total of 24,813,130 shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2024. Beneficial ownership representing less than one percent of our outstanding common stock is denoted with an “*.”

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS

Policies and Procedures for Related Person Transactions

Our Board has adopted a written related person transaction policy to set forth policies and procedures for the review and approval or ratification of related person transactions. This policy covers any transaction, arrangement or relationship, or any series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships, in which we were or are to be a participant, the amount involved exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of the our total assets at year-end for the last two completed fiscal years, and a related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest, including, without limitation, purchases of goods or services by or from the related person or entities in which the related person has a material interest, indebtedness, guarantees of indebtedness and employment by us of a related person.

Our related person transaction policy contains exceptions for any transaction or interest that is not considered a related person transaction under SEC rules as in effect from time to time. In addition, the policy provides that an interest arising solely from a related person’s position as an executive officer of another entity that is a participant in a transaction with us will not be subject to the policy if each of the following conditions is met:

The policy provides that any related person transaction proposed to be entered into by us must be reported to our Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer and will be reviewed and approved by our audit committee in accordance with the terms of the policy, prior to effectiveness or consummation of the transaction whenever practicable. The policy provides that if our Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer determines that advance approval of a related person transaction is not practicable under the circumstances, our audit committee will review and, in its discretion, may ratify the related person transaction at the next meeting of the audit committee. The policy also provides that alternatively, our Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer may present a related person transaction arising in the time period between meetings of the audit committee to the chair of the audit committee, who will review and may approve the related person transaction, subject to ratification by the audit committee at the next meeting of the audit committee.

In addition, the policy provides that any related person transaction previously approved by the audit committee or otherwise already existing that is ongoing in nature will be reviewed by the audit committee annually to ensure that such related person transaction has been conducted in accordance with the previous approval granted by the audit committee, if any, and that all required disclosures regarding the related person transaction are made.

The policy provides that transactions involving compensation of executive officers will be reviewed and approved by our compensation committee in the manner to be specified in the charter of the compensation committee.

A related person transaction reviewed under this policy will be considered approved or ratified if it is authorized by the audit committee in accordance with the standards set forth in the policy after full disclosure of the related person’s interests in the transaction. As appropriate for the circumstances, the policy provides that the audit committee will review and consider:

The policy provides that the audit committee will review all relevant information available to it about the related person transaction. The policy provides that the audit committee may approve or ratify the related person transaction only if the audit committee determines that, under all of the circumstances, the transaction is in, or is not inconsistent with, our best interests. The policy provides that the audit committee may, in its sole discretion, impose such conditions as it deems appropriate on us or the related person in connection with approval of the related person transaction.

Related Person Transactions

We have not been a party to any transaction since January 1, 2022 in which the amounts involved exceeded or will exceed the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of our total assets at year-end for the last two years, and in which any of our directors, executive officers, nominees for director or holders of more than 5% of our capital stock, or any member of the immediate family of, or person sharing the household with, the foregoing persons, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest that is reportable pursuant to Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.

DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq Listing Rules requires a majority of a listed company’s board of directors to be comprised of independent directors. In addition, the Nasdaq Listing Rules require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees be independent under the Exchange Act. Audit committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, and compensation committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 5605(d)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. Under Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if, in the opinion of our Board, that person does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. In order to be considered independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, a member of an audit committee of a listed company may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the audit committee, the board of directors, or any other board committee, accept, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the listed company or any of its subsidiaries or otherwise be an affiliated person of the listed company or any of its subsidiaries. In order to be considered independent for purposes of Rule 5605(d)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, the board must consider, for each member of a compensation committee of a listed company, all factors specifically relevant to determining whether a director has a relationship to such company which is material to that director’s ability to be independent from management in connection with the duties of a

compensation committee member, including, but not limited to: (1) the source of compensation of the director, including any consulting advisory or other compensatory fee paid by such company to the director; and (2) whether the director is affiliated with the company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates.

Our Board undertook a review of the composition of our Board and its committees and the independence of each director. Based upon information requested from and provided by each director concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships, our Board has determined that each of Drs. Lee, Hillson and Kirk and Messrs. Ogier, Katkin, McBride and Robinson is an “independent director” as defined under Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules). The Board also determined that Gary L. Lyons, who retired from our Board in June 2023, was an “independent director” as defined under Rule 5605(a)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules during his service in 2023. Dr. Gros is not an independent director under Rule 5605(a)(2) because he is our Chief Executive Officer. Dr. Perrin is not an independent director under Rule 5605(a)(2) because he is our President and Chief Scientific Officer.

Our Board also determined that John S. McBride, James Robinson and Walter Ogier who currently serve on our audit committee, satisfy the independence standards for audit committees established by the SEC and the Nasdaq Listing Rules, including the independence requirements contemplated by Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. In addition, our Board determined that June Lee, Walter Ogier and James Robinson, who currently serve on our compensation committee, satisfy the enhanced independence standards for compensation committees established by Rule 5605(d)(2) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. In making such determinations, our Board considered the relationships that each such non-employee director has with our company and all other facts and circumstances our Board deemed relevant in determining independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director.

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

Audit Fees and Services

KMJ Corbin & Company LLP ("KMJ") was our independent registered public firm for the years ended 2023 and 2022. The following table summarizes the fees KMJ billed to us for each of the last two fiscal years. All of such services and fees were pre-approved by our audit committee in accordance with the “Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures” described below.

POLICY ON PRE-APPROVAL OF AUDIT AND PERMISSIBLE NON-AUDIT SERVICES

Our audit committee has adopted procedures requiring the pre-approval of all audit and non-audit services performed by our independent registered public accounting firm in order to assure that these services do not impair the auditor’s independence. These procedures generally approve the performance of specific services subject to a cost limit for all such services. This general approval is to be reviewed, and if necessary modified, at least annually. Management must obtain the specific prior approval of the audit committee for each engagement of the independent registered public accounting firm to perform other audit-related or other non-audit services. The audit committee does not delegate its responsibility to approve services performed by the independent registered public accounting firm to any member of management. Our audit committee has delegated authority to the committee chair to pre-approve any audit or non-audit service to be provided to us by our independent registered public accounting firm provided that the fees for such services do not exceed $50,000. Any approval of services by the committee chair pursuant to this delegated authority must be reported to the audit committee at the next meeting of the committee.

The standard applied by the audit committee, or the chair of the audit committee, in determining whether to grant approval of any type of non-audit service, or of any specific engagement to perform a non-audit service, is whether the services to be performed, the compensation to be paid therefore and other related factors are consistent with the independent registered public accounting firm’s independence under guidelines of the SEC and applicable professional standards. Relevant considerations include whether the work product is likely to be subject to, or implicated in, audit procedures during the audit of our financial statements, whether the independent registered public accounting firm would be functioning in the role of management or in an advocacy role, whether the independent registered public accounting firm’s performance of the service would enhance our ability to manage or control risk or improve audit quality, whether such performance would increase efficiency because of the independent registered public accounting firm’s familiarity with our business, personnel, culture, systems, risk profile and other factors, and whether the amount of fees involved, or the non-audit services portion of the total fees payable to the independent registered public accounting firm in the period would tend to reduce the independent registered public accounting firm’s ability to exercise independent judgment in performing the audit.

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are set forth beginning on page F-1 immediately following the signature page of the Original Report.

The financial statement schedules are omitted as they are either not applicable or the information required is presented in the financial statements and notes thereto under Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of the Original Report.